What are the most common spiders in the United Kingdom?

The most common spiders found in the United Kingdom include a variety of species that are often seen in gardens and homes. Here are some notable examples:
- Garden Spider (Cross Orbweaver) (Araneus diadematus): This spider is widespread and easily recognizable by its greyish-brown or reddish-brown body adorned with a white cross pattern. They are commonly found outdoors, especially in gardens during late summer and autumn.
- Noble False Widow (Steatoda nobilis): Originally a non-native species, this spider has become widespread in southern England and is identifiable by its dark brown body with variable patterns. Although it has gained notoriety, bites are rare and typically not severe.
- Giant House Spider (Eratigena atrica): Known for its large size, this spider is often found in homes, particularly in corners and undisturbed areas. Males are known to wander in search of mates during autumn.
- Cellar Spider (Daddy Long Legs) (Pholcus phalangioides): Recognizable by its long legs and small body, this spider is commonly found in homes, where it builds messy webs in corners.
- Zebra Jumping Spider (Salticus scenicus): This small spider is characterized by its black and white striped appearance and is often seen jumping on walls or tree trunks.
- Common Candy-Striped Spider (Enoplognatha ovata): Found throughout the UK, this spider features a pale creamish-white background with bright pinkish-purple markings.
- Crab Spider (Misumena vatia): Commonly found in southern England, these spiders can change color to blend into their surroundings, aiding their ambush hunting strategy.
These species represent just a fraction of the over 650 types of spiders present in the UK, each playing a vital role in the ecosystem by controlling pest populations.
Are there any spiders in the UK that are particularly dangerous?
In the United Kingdom, while most spiders are harmless, a few species are known to have venom that can cause discomfort or mild health issues. The most notable among these is the Noble False Widow Spider (Steatoda nobilis), which is often considered the UK's most venomous spider. Although its bite can be painful and may lead to symptoms such as swelling, numbness, and nausea, it is not deadly. Bites are typically no worse than a wasp sting and usually resolve within 24 hours.
Another spider to be aware of is the Walnut Orb-Weaver Spider (Nuctenea umbratica), which can also deliver a painful bite that results in burning sensations and swelling but is not life-threatening. Other species like the Cardinal Spider (Tegenaria parietina) and the Cupboard Spider (Steatoda grossa) can bite if provoked, causing localized pain and swelling, but their bites are generally mild and rarely lead to serious complications.
Overall, while there are a few spiders in the UK that can pose minor risks through their bites, none are considered dangerous enough to cause fatal harm to humans. Most spiders prefer to avoid confrontation and will only bite when threatened.
Does Microhabitats for year 2 focus on spider investigations?
Yes, the Year 2 curriculum does focus on spider investigations as part of their study of microhabitats. In various educational settings, children are introduced to the concept of microhabitats, which are smaller environments within larger habitats where various minibeasts, including spiders, can be found. Some of the key points are:
- Microhabitats Defined: Microhabitats are specific, smaller areas that provide essential resources such as food, water, and shelter for living organisms. Common examples include leaf litter, logs, and cracks in pavement.
- Spider Investigations: As part of their exploration, Year 2 students learn about different organisms that inhabit these microhabitats. This includes identifying spiders and understanding their roles within food chains—what they eat and what preys on them.
- Hands-On Learning: Students engage in outdoor activities where they search for minibeasts, including spiders, in their natural microhabitats. This practical approach helps them observe and record findings about the creatures they encounter.
- Curriculum Activities: Activities may include designing bug hotels that replicate various microhabitat conditions to attract different species, including spiders. Additionally, lessons often involve discussions about how these environments support the survival of various living things.
In summary, Year 2's focus on microhabitats indeed encompasses investigations involving spiders as part of a broader curriculum aimed at understanding ecosystems and biodiversity.